אנגלית במכינה הטכנולוגית — אביב 2022 מועד ב' (99911)

Part I – READING COMPREHENSION (A) Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions in ENGLISH except for question J. Answers in Hebrew or Arabic will not be accepted on this part of the test except for question J. (44 points) קראו את הקטע שלפניכם וענו על השאלות שאחריו באנגלית. תשובות בעברית או ערבית לא יתקבלו בחלק הזה, פרט לשאלה J. اقرأ القطعة التي أمامك وأجب عن الأسئلة التي تليها بالإنجليزية. لن تقبل في هذا القسم، الإجابات المصاغة بالعبرية والعربية، ما عدا السؤال J.

E-Waste: A Global Problem

I Many electric devices like mobile phones, TVs, watches, health trackers and more come, in and out of our lives. When electronic devices are thrown away, they become e-waste (electronic waste) which endangers the environment and us. Why? These devices are full of chemical compounds and heavy metals. When the chemicals and heavy metals leak out of the devices, they poison the 5 environment and the people who come in contact with them.

II What happens to e-waste? Most of the e-waste is put into landfills. Over time, the chemicals leak into the ground (some enter the water supply) or escape as gas into the atmosphere. This affects the health of people living in nearby neighborhoods. The rest is exported to developing countries where it is recycled. In the recycling process, chemicals enter drinking-water sources in the same way they enter 10 landfills. In addition, working with the recycled materials often seriously affects workers’ health. It is done in unsafe conditions in which the workers physically touch the materials or breathe in fumes.

III This poisoning of the environment is dangerous. When we drink, eat or breathe in a lot of poisoned food, water or air, the chances are greater of getting sick with cancer. Our bodies can’t get rid of 15 the poisons that build up in our bodies fast enough. One example of this is the fish food chain: when we eat fish from the sea, we eat fish that ate smaller fish. They ate even smaller fish which ate plankton (a small sea plant). Many of them grow in poisoned water. If some or all of the fish and plankton contain poisons, people, at the top of the food chain, eat all of it. The same goes for birds and land animals.

IV 20 Today, people know about the danger of e-waste and the need to prevent it. Governments around the world are starting to pass laws to limit e-waste, and industries are working on ways to reduce it. Let’s hope these steps aren’t too late.

Adapted from: https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/e-waste-recycling-process.php

QUESTIONS 1. Answer the following questions in English. HEBREW or ARABIC will not be accepted, except for question J. (44 points) ענו על השאלות הבאות באנגלית. תשובות בעברית או בערבית לא יתקבלו פרט לשאלה J. أجب عن الأسئلة التالية بالإنجليزية، لن تقبل في هذا القسم، الإجابات المصاغة بالعبرية والعربية، ما عدا السؤال J.

Part II – READING COMPREHENSION (B) Read the following passage carefully and answer in ENGLISH. (32 points) Hebrew or Arabic will not be accepted on this part of the test. קראו את הקטע שלפניכם וענו על השאלות שאחריו באנגלית. תשובות בעברית או ערבית לא יתקבלו בחלק הזה. اقرأ القطعة التي أمامك، وأجب عن الأسئلة التي تليها. لن تقبل في هذا القسم، الإجابات المصاغة بالعبرية والعربية.

Pros and Cons of Facial Recognition Technology

I Residents of the 1,600 apartments in Knickerbocker Village, New York, enter their buildings using cameras with facial recognition technology (FRT). However, they often can’t enter because the smart camera at the entrance doesn’t recognize them and keeps the doors closed. There are facial recognition systems in each of the 12 building lobbies and outdoor courtyard entrances; keys were 5 replaced with cameras in 2013. Sometimes, the face recognition technology mistakes Asian non- residents as residents of the same ethnicity*, letting strangers in. And sometimes some outdoor entrance cameras don’t work well during the day when there is very strong sunlight. *מוצא עדתי

II This technology is also used for other purposes. Airlines, restaurants and large shopping centers use it to identify clients and thieves. Businesses which need high security use it to identify workers 10 when they come to work. Many schools in the USA use the technology to identify children’s parents before letting them into their child’s school. In 40 states in the USA, it is used in classrooms to keep order and to let parents know that their children are where they are supposed to be.

III Is this technology good or bad? Many people see it as an attack on their privacy. In September 2021, Ticketmaster, an on-line site for ordering concert tickets, wanted to use face recognition at concerts 15 instead of tickets. However, pressure from fans and musicians, who are against this technology, caused 36 musical events to be cancelled. In addition, 130 residents at Atlantic Plaza Towers, New York, are fighting in court to prevent their landlord from using facial recognition technology.

IV There are questions about the use of FRT technology. When the police use it, is it accurate enough to be used in court? Does it make mistakes in the gender and race of the person recorded? Does it 20 endanger privacy and civil rights? Should it be regulated? It will be some time before its pros and cons are understood and the right laws are passed to protect us.

Adapted from: https://www.itpro.com/security/privacy/35688/the-pros-and-cons-of-facial-recognition-technologyhttps://www.wired.com/story/cities-examine-proper-improper-facial-recognition/

2. Answer the following questions in English. HEBREW or ARABIC will not be accepted. (32 points) ענו על השאלות הבאות באנגלית. תשובות בעברית או בערבית לא יתקבלו. أجب على الأسئلة التالية بالإنجليزية. لن يتم قبول الإجابات بالعبرية او بالعربية،

Part III – INSTRUCTIONS 1. Read the questions below and match them to the answers that follow. (24 points) קראו את השאלות שמופיעות והתאימו אותן לתשובות. اقرأ الأسئلة التالية ولاءمها للإجابات.

Electric Scooters

Questions:

1. Are electric scooters dangerous?
2. Are there laws for using an electric scooter?
3. Are electric scooters environmentally friendly?
4. Can you ride electric scooters at night?
5. Are electric scooters long-lasting?
6. Can you make an electric scooter go faster?
7. Will an electric scooter save you money?
8. How often should you charge an electric scooter?

Answers: a. New ones can last for years, are of good quality and have good motor power. b. Never let your electric scooter’s battery get completely empty, charge it when it is at 30%. c. You can increase its speed, however doing so makes it more dangerous to use. d. Usually there is a speed limit of 25 km per hour and you must wear a helmet. e. Electric scooters can easily be ridden in the dark but they must have headlights and taillights. f. Electric scooters are cheap and usually don’t break down or need to be fixed. g. Electric scooters are reasonably safe or at least as safe as the rider tries to be. h. Electric scooters don’t cause gas emissions, help reduce traffic jams and can be recycled.

Good Luck! בהצלחה! © כל הזכויות שמורות למה"ט