אנגלית במכינה הטכנולוגית — קיץ 2025 מועד ב' (99911)

Part I – READING COMPREHENSION (A) Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions in English. (35 points) קראו את הקטע שלפניכם וענו על השאלות שאחריו באנגלית. اقرأ القطعة التي أمامك وأجب عن الأسئلة التي تليها بالإنجليزية.

A Better Kind of Plastic

I Every year, millions of tons of plastic are produced globally. Plastic releases toxic microplastics* that enter the human body and make it sick. In addition, plastic waste** pollutes the soil, air, and water. Recycling is one solution to the problem of plastic waste. However, the quality of recycled plastic is lower than the quality of new plastic. As a result, most plastic cannot be recycled more than once, and after that, the plastic needs to be thrown away.

*microplastics חלקיקי פלסטיק זעירים جزيئات بلاستيكية دقيقة **plastic waste פסולת פלסטיק نفايات بلاستيكية

II Recently, researchers from the University of California invented a new kind of plastic called polydiketoenamine (PDK) plastic. PDK plastic looks and feels just like regular plastic. However, PDK plastic is made from plants instead of petroleum, so it does not release toxic microplastics. In addition, recycling does not harm the quality of PDK plastic, so there is no limit to the number of times it can be recycled.

III The researchers hope that in the future, many big companies will use PDK plastic. Companies will make products with PDK plastic and sell them. The customers will return the products when they are finished using them, and the company can then recycle the plastic again and again. In this way, the company will have to buy very little plastic to make new products. For example, a company that makes cars can use PDK plastic for the car parts. Customers can trade in their old cars for new models, and then the company can recycle the plastic to make new parts.

IV However, companies are not yet using PDK plastic because it is more expensive than regular plastic and because its recycling process is not very cheap. The researchers are now testing different methods to find the cheapest way to make and recycle PDK plastic. They are also working hard to reduce the amount of energy needed for the recycling process and to reduce the amount of harmful CO2 that is released into the atmosphere during recycling. If the researchers are successful, PDK can become an effective solution to the world’s plastic problem.

Adapted from: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/04/210422102851.htm

Answer the following questions in English. (35 points) ענו על השאלות הבאות באנגלית. أجب عن الأسئلة التالية بالإنجليزية

Part II – READING COMPREHENSION (B) Read the following passage carefully and answer in ENGLISH. (25 points)

קראו את הקטע שלפניכם וענו על השאלות שאחריו באנגלית. اقرأ القطعة التي أمامك، وأجب عن الأسئلة التي تليها.

Supersonic Flight

I Sound travels through Earth’s atmosphere at a speed of between 1,060 kilometers per hour and 1,280 kilometers per hour, depending on how dry the air is and on the temperature of the air. Supersonic flight is when an airplane travels faster than the speed of sound. The first supersonic airplane was an American military airplane, which broke the sound barrier in October 1947, reaching a top speed of 1,126 kilometers per hour. The first civilian supersonic airplane was a Russian airplane for delivering mail that operated from June 1969 until June 1999. It could fly up to 2,443 kilometers per hour.

II The only supersonic airplane for carrying passengers was the Concorde, which first flew in 1973. The Concorde was 62 meters long, almost the same as a Boeing 747 jet airplane*, but it was only 2.7 meters wide, while the Boeing 747 is 6.1 meters wide. This design allowed the Concorde to fly at supersonic speeds, but it also meant that it could only hold up to 100 passengers, compared to the 416-passenger capacity of a Boeing 747. In 2003, the Concorde stopped flying. Nowadays, many countries have supersonic military airplanes, but supersonic flight is not used to transport passengers.

*Boeing 747 jet airplane 747 מטוס סילון של בואינג 747 طائرة نفاثة بوينغ

Adapted from: https://www.britannica.com/technology/supersonic-flight

Answer the following questions in English. (25 points) ענו על השאלות הבאות באנגלית. أجب عن الأسئلة التالية بالإنجليزية .

Part III- Vocabulary and Unscrambling Sentences Total Points: (24 points)

Part A (18 points) In each question match three of items 1-6 to the definitions in the table below. Write the number of the item next to its definition. (3 points each)

בכל שאלה התאימו שלושה פריטים 1-6 להגדרות שבטבלה למטה. כתבו את מספר הפריט ליד ההגדרה שלו. (3 נק' לכל אחד) في كل سؤال، لائم ثلاثة عناصر 1-6 مع التعريفات الموجودة في الجدول أدناه. اكتب رقم العنصر بجوار تعريفه. (3 درجات لكل منها)

1. husband
2. meal
3. behavior
4. advice
5. accident
6. urgent