אנגלית במכינה הטכנולוגית — אביב 2026 מועד א' (99911)

Part I – READING COMPREHENSION (A) Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions in English. (35 points) קראו את הקטע שלפניכם וענו על השאלות שאחריו באנגלית. اقرأ القطعة التي أمامك وأجب عن الأسئلة التي تليها بالإنجليزية.

Underwater Data Centers

I Every year, people use more and more apps and artificial intelligence. These technologies depend on very large data centers. A data center is a building with big computers that provide internet connection, run software programs, and store information. The equipment in a data center heats up quickly and as a result can become damaged. To prevent this, cooling systems are installed. The 5 cooling systems are effective, but they are expensive because they use a lot of electricity. In addition, they pollute the environment because their electricity comes from fuels such as oil and coal.

II Recently, several companies have tried a new idea: putting data centers underwater. The data center is built inside a special capsule*, and the capsule is put underwater in the ocean. The cold water cools the data center, and as a result, it does not need a cooling system. This reduces electricity use. 10 Another advantage of putting data centers in the ocean is that many people live in big cities near the coast, so these nearby data centers can provide faster internet connections for them.

*capsule קפסולה كبسولة

III In 2015, Microsoft put a small data capsule into the ocean near California. After four months, engineers took the capsule out of the ocean and tested it. They saw that the equipment was in good condition. In 2018, Microsoft did another experiment. They put a bigger data capsule into the ocean 15 near Scotland. This second data center used clean energy sources and so did not pollute the ocean. After two years, the engineers took it out of the water and saw that the equipment was in good condition. This was because the ocean water kept the equipment very cool, so it was not damaged.

IV However, the ocean may not be suitable for very big data centers. Maintaining a lot of equipment in a big underwater center can be very expensive, and it is not easy to build capsules that are large 20 enough to protect large amounts of equipment underwater. Engineers need to solve these problems before the world’s data centers can be moved underwater.

Adapted from: https://brightlio.com/underwater-data-centers

Answer the following questions in English. (35 points) ענו על השאלות הבאות באנגלית. أجب عن الأسئلة التالية بالإنجليزية

Part II – READING COMPREHENSION (B) Read the following passage carefully and answer in ENGLISH. (25 points)

קראו את הקטע שלפניכם וענו על השאלות שאחריו באנגלית. اقرأ القطعة التي أمامك، وأجب عن الأسئلة التي تليها.

Animals and Climate Change

I Climate change has negative effects not only on people but on animals and plants, too. Experts say that if there is a 2° Celsius increase in global temperatures by 2100, 18% of species* on land may become extinct**. Some animals are already extinct because of climate change. The Bramble Cay rat lived on an island of less than one square kilometer. It became extinct in 2019 because the sea flooded the area 5 where it lived. The golden toad from Costa Rica became extinct at the end of the 20th century. Because of climate change, the rainfall in Costa Rica changed, and the toad could not survive.

*species זנים انواع **become extinct להיכחד ينقرض

II Other animals are in danger. Between 2004 and 2011, 62,000 African penguins died. They depended on sardines for food, but most of the sardines disappeared from their area because of climate change. Another animal in danger is the Amazon dolphin. In 2023, lakes in the Amazon heated up to 41° 10 Celsius, hotter than a hot jacuzzi*, and as a result, 153 dolphins died. This was a loss of 10% of the dolphin population in the Amazon. If we care about animals, we must try to stop climate change.

*jacuzzi ג׳קוזי جاكوزي

Adapted from: https://www.ifaw.org/international/journal/animals-most-impacted-climate-change

Answer the following questions in English. (25 points) ענו על השאלות הבאות באנגלית. أجب عن الأسئلة التالية بالإنجليزية .

Part III- Vocabulary and Unscrambling Sentences Total Points: (24 points)

Part A (18 points) In each question match three of items 1-6 to the definitions in the table below. Write the number of the item next to its definition. (3 points each)

בכל שאלה התאימו שלושה פריטים 1-6 להגדרות שבטבלה למטה. כתבו את מספר הפריט ליד ההגדרה שלו. (3 נק' לכל אחד) في كل سؤال، لائم ثلاثة عناصر 1-6 مع التعريفات الموجودة في الجدول أدناه. اكتب رقم العنصر بجوار تعريفه. (3 درجات لكل منها)

1. dinner
2. disappear
3. liquid
4. topic
5. public
6. cousin